Umbhoshongo wokuhlukanisa umoya uyisisetshenziswa esibalulekile esisetshenziswa ukuhlukanisa izingxenye zegesi eziyinhloko ezisemoyeni zibe i-nitrogen, umoya-mpilo, namanye amagesi angajwayelekile. Ukugeleza kwenqubo yayo ikakhulukazi kuhilela izinyathelo ezifana nokucindezelwa komoya, ukupholisa kuqala, ukuhlanzwa, ukupholisa, nokucwiliswa emanzini. Ukulawula okunembayo kwesinyathelo ngasinye kubalulekile ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuhlanzeka nokuzinza kwemikhiqizo yokugcina yegesi. Lesi sihloko sizonikeza isingeniso esiningiliziwe sokugeleza kwenqubo yombhoshongo wokuhlukanisa umoya.
1. Ukucindezelwa komoya kanye nokupholisa kwangaphambili
Isinyathelo sokuqala senqubo yombhoshongo wokuhlukanisa umoya ukucindezela umoya womkhathi. Ngezigaba eziningi zama-compressor emoyeni, umoya ucindezelwa ku-5-7 bar. Phakathi nenqubo yokucindezela, izinga lokushisa lomoya ocindezelwe liyakhuphuka, ngakho ama-coolers aphakathi nendawo nama-post-coolers asetshenziselwa ukwehlisa izinga lokushisa lomoya. Ukuvimbela i-compressor ukuthi ingalinyazwa ukungcola okusemoyeni, izinhlayiya ezisemoyeni zikhishwa ngezihlungi. Umoya ocindezelwe ube usuthunyelwa kusistimu yokupholisa kusengaphambili ukuze uphole ngokwengeziwe, ngokuvamile kusetshenziswa amanzi okupholisa noma iziqandisi ezifana ne-Freon, ukuze upholise umoya cishe u-5°C.
2. Ukuhlanzwa komoya kanye nokuphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni
Ngemuva kokupholisa kwangaphambili, umoya uqukethe inani elincane lomswakama kanye ne-carbon dioxide. Lokhu kungcola kungase kwakheke iqhwa emazingeni okushisa aphansi futhi kuvimbe imishini. Ngakho-ke, umoya udinga ukuhlanzwa futhi uphelelwe amanzi. Le nqubo ngokuvamile isebenzisa imibhoshongo ye-molecular sieve adsorption, ngokusebenzisa i-adsorption ngezikhathi ezithile nezinqubo zokuvuselela ukuze kususwe umhwamuko wamanzi, i-carbon dioxide, nama-hydrocarbons, njll., ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukusebenza kahle kwezinqubo ezilandelayo zezinga lokushisa eliphansi. Umoya ohlanzekile uhlanzekile futhi womile, ulungele ukupholisa nokuhlukanisa izinqubo ezilandelayo.
3. Isishintshi Sokushisa Esiyinhloko Ukupholisa Umoya
Umoya ohlanzekile upholiswa kusishintshi sokushisa esikhulu ngokupholisa okujulile. Isishintshi sokushisa esiyinhloko singenye yemishini ebaluleke kakhulu enqubweni yombhoshongo wokuhlukanisa umoya. Umoya osesishintshiseni esikhulu sokushisa ushintshana nokushisa nge-nitrogen ebandayo ehlukanisiwe nomoya-mpilo, wehlise izinga lokushisa ukuze uvale izinga lokushisa eliwuketshezi. Ukusebenza kahle kokushintshisana kokushisa phakathi nale nqubo kuthinta ngokuqondile ukusetshenziswa kwamandla nobumsulwa bomkhiqizo wokugcina wombhoshongo wokuhlukanisa umoya. Ngokuvamile, izishintshi zokushisa ze-aluminium plate fin ezisebenzayo zisetshenziselwa ukuthuthukisa ukusebenza kahle kokushintshisana kokushisa.
4. Inqubo Yokuhlukanisa Ku-Distillation Tower
Umoya opholile uthunyelwa embhoshongweni wokucwiliswa kwamanzi ukuze uhlukanise kusetshenziswa umehluko wamaphuzu abilayo wezingxenye ezihlukahlukene emoyeni. Umoya kancane kancane uyancibilika emazingeni okushisa aphansi, wenze umoya owuketshezi. Lo moya owuketshezi ungena embhoshongweni wokucwiliswa emanzini ukuze uthole ukuxhumana okuningi phakathi kwezigaba zegesi neziwuketshezi. Embhoshongweni we-distillation, umoya-mpilo, i-nitrogen, namagesi angavamile njenge-argon ahlukaniswe. I-oksijeni ikhula kancane kancane phansi kombhoshongo, kuyilapho i-nitrogen ihlukaniswa phezulu. Ngokufakwa kwe-distillation, umoya-mpilo ohlanzekile kanye ne-nitrogen kungatholakala ngokuhlanzeka okuphezulu.
5. Ukukhishwa Kwemikhiqizo Ye-oksijeni Ne-Nitrogen
Ukukhishwa kwe-oxygen ne-nitrogen isinyathelo sokugcina sombhoshongo wokuhlukanisa umoya. Umoya-mpilo owuketshezi kanye ne-nitrogen kuyahlukaniswa nombhoshongo wokucwiliswa emanzini futhi kushiselwe kubuyiselwe ekamelweni lokushisa ngezishintshisi zokushisa ukuze kufinyelele esimweni esifiswayo segesi. Le mikhiqizo yegesi iphinde ithunyelwe emathangeni okugcina noma inikezwe abasebenzisi ngokuqondile. Ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukusebenza kahle kwenqubo kanye nokuhlanzeka komkhiqizo, isakhiwo esinemibhoshongo ephindwe kabili kwesinye isikhathi siklanyelwe ukuqhubeka nokuhlukanisa i-argon ne-oxygen ne-nitrogen ukuze kusetshenziswe izimboni.
6. Ukulawula Nokuthuthukisa
Yonke inqubo yombhoshongo wokuhlukanisa umoya ihilela uhlelo lokulawula oluyinkimbinkimbi, oludinga ukuqapha kwesikhathi sangempela kanye nokulungiswa kokucindezelwa, ukupholisa, ukushintshanisa ukushisa, kanye nezinqubo zokuhlukanisa ukuze kuqinisekiswe ikhwalithi yemikhiqizo yokugcina. Imibhoshongo yesimanje yokuhlukanisa umoya ngokuvamile ifakwe amasistimu okulawula azenzakalelayo, isebenzisa izinzwa kanye nesofthiwe yokulawula ukuze ulawule ngokunembile imingcele efana nezinga lokushisa, ingcindezi, nokugeleza ukuze kuthuthukiswe inqubo yokukhiqiza ukusetshenziswa kwamandla kanye nokuhlanzeka komkhiqizo wegesi.
Ukugeleza kwenqubo yombhoshongo wokuhlukanisa umoya kuhlanganisa izinyathelo eziningi ezifana nokucindezelwa komoya, ukupholisa ngaphambili, ukuhlanzwa, ukupholisa okujulile, nokucwiliswa emanzini. Ngalezi zinqubo, umoya-mpilo, i-nitrogen, namagesi ayivelakancane asemoyeni kungahlukaniswa ngokuphumelelayo. Ukuthuthukiswa kobuchwepheshe besimanje bombhoshongo wokuhlukanisa umoya kwenze inqubo yokuhlukanisa isebenze kahle futhi isebenzise amandla amancane, okubaluleke kakhulu ekusetshenzisweni kwamagesi ezimboni.
Ukuze uthole noma yiziphi izidingo ze-oxygen/nitrogen, sicela usithinte:
Anna Tel./Whatsapp/Wechat:+86-18758589723
Email :anna.chou@hznuzhuo.com
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Jul-07-2025