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I-oxygen ewuketshezi iwuketshezi oluluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka olukhanyayo emazingeni okushisa aphansi, olunobuningi obukhulu kanye nokushisa okuphansi kakhulu. Izinga lokubila le-oxygen ewuketshezi lingu-183℃, okwenza lizinze ezindaweni ezisezingeni eliphansi uma kuqhathaniswa ne-oxygen ewuketshezi. Uma isesimweni soketshezi, ubukhulu be-oxygen bungaba ngu-1.14 g/cm³, okwenza kube lula ukugcina nokuthutha i-oxygen ewuketshezi kune-oxygen ewuketshezi. I-oxygen ewuketshezi ayinawo nje kuphela ubuningi be-oxygen ephezulu kodwa futhi inezakhiwo ezinamandla zokuxova, ezikwazi ukusabela ngokushesha nezinto eziningi eziphilayo.

Isici sokushisa okuphansi kwe-oxygen ewuketshezi sidinga imishini ekhethekile kanye nezilinganiso ngesikhathi sokugcina nokuthuthwa, njengokusebenzisa izitsha ezifakwe umswakama ezishisayo eziphansi ukuvimbela ukudluliselwa kokushisa. Ayinaphunga futhi ayinambala, kodwa ngenxa yokushisa kwayo okuphansi kakhulu, i-oxygen ewuketshezi ingabangela i-frostbite kanye nezinye izingozi emzimbeni womuntu, ngakho-ke kudingeka ukunakekelwa okukhethekile ngesikhathi sokusebenza.

Inqubo yokukhiqiza nokukhiqiza i-oxygen ewuketshezi

Ukukhiqizwa komoya owuketshezi kuvame ukusebenzisa ubuchwepheshe bokuhlukaniswa komoya ojulile obizwa ngokuthi i-deep cryogenic air, okuyindlela yokuhlukanisa izingxenye zomoya ngokupholisa okushisa okuphansi kanye nokucindezela okusebenzayo. Isimiso esiyisisekelo sokuhlukaniswa komoya ojulile obizwa ngokuthi i-deep cryogenic air ukuhlukanisa izingxenye ezahlukene zomoya ngokusekelwe ezindaweni zazo zokubila ezahlukene. Okokuqala, umoya uyacindezelwa, bese kuba ngezigaba eziningi zokwanda kanye nokupholisa, umoya kancane kancane ufinyelela izinga lokushisa eliphansi kakhulu, futhi ekugcineni umoya ohlanzekile uhlukaniswa nomoya bese uncibilikiswa. Ukukhiqizwa komoya oketshezi kudinga izinhlelo zokupholisa ezisebenzayo kanye namadivayisi okuhlanza ukuqinisekisa ubumsulwa nokuzinza komoya oketshezi.

Ubuchwepheshe bokuhlukanisa umoya obujulile obusebenzisa i-cryogenic air abukwazi nje kuphela ukukhiqiza i-oxygen ewuketshezi kodwa futhi bukwazi ukuthola amanye amagesi anokushisa okuphansi njenge-nitrogen ewuketshezi kanye ne-argon ewuketshezi ngasikhathi sinye. Le mikhiqizo inezinhlelo zokusebenza eziningi embonini. Ubumsulwa obuphezulu kanye nezici zokushisa okuphansi kwe-oxygen ewuketshezi kwenza kube yinto ebalulekile ezinhlotsheni eziningi zezimboni ezikhethekile.

Amasimu ayinhloko okusetshenziswa kwe-oxygen ewuketshezi

I-oxygen ewuketshezi inezisetshenziswa eziningi emikhakheni eminingi yezimboni. Okokuqala, emkhakheni wezindiza, i-oxygen ewuketshezi ingenye yama-rocket oxidants asetshenziswa kakhulu, njengoba inokuqukethwe okuphezulu kwe-oxygen kanye nekhono lokusiza ekushiseni, elingasabela ngokushesha ngophethiloli ukuze likhiqize amandla amaningi ukuze kuqhutshwe ukwethulwa kwamarokhethi. Inhlanganisela ye-oxygen ewuketshezi kanye ne-hydrogen ewuketshezi ibizwa ngokuthi enye yama-rocket propellant avame kakhulu, futhi ukushukuma kwayo okunamandla kanye nokusebenza kwayo okuhle kakhulu kwenza ithandwe kakhulu kubuchwepheshe bezindiza.

Okwesibili, emkhakheni wezokwelapha, umoya-mpilo owuketshezi usetshenziswa njengomthombo obalulekile we-oxygen. Umoya-mpilo owuketshezi ugcinwa emazingeni okushisa aphansi futhi uphefume ukuze usetshenziswe njengomoya-mpilo wezokwelapha, okusiza iziguli ezinobunzima bokuphefumula ukuthi zithole umoya-mpilo owanele. Ngaphezu kwalokho, umoya-mpilo owuketshezi udlala indima ebalulekile ekusetshenzisweni kwensimbi, ubunjiniyela bamakhemikhali, kanye neminye imikhakha, ikakhulukazi ezinqubweni zokushisa okuphezulu kanye nokuhlanganiswa kwamakhemikhali, lapho ikhono lawo eliqinile lokuxosha lisetshenziswa kabanzi.

Izinyathelo zokuphepha ze-oxygen ewuketshezi

Nakuba i-oxygen ewuketshezi inezinhlelo eziningi, ngenxa yokusabela kwayo okuphezulu kanye nezici zayo zokushisa okuphansi, kunezingozi ezithile zokuphepha. Okokuqala, i-oxygen ewuketshezi iyi-oxidant enamandla, engasheshisa inqubo yokusha, ngakho-ke kumelwe igwenywe ekuthinteni izinto ezivuthayo ngesikhathi sokugcina nokusetshenziswa. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, izinga lokushisa eliphansi kakhulu le-oxygen ewuketshezi lingabangela i-frostbite, ngakho-ke imishini yokuzivikela efanele njengamagilavu ​​​​nemaski angangeni kubanda kumele igqokwe ngesikhathi sokusebenza kwe-oxygen ewuketshezi ukuze kugwenywe ukulimala kwesikhumba namehlo.

Ukugcinwa komoya-mpilo owuketshezi kudinga izitsha ezikhethekile eziklanywe kahle ezinokushisa okuphansi, ezivame ukuba nezakhiwo ezinhle zokuvikela ukuvimbela ukushisa kwangaphandle ukuthi kungangeni futhi kubangele ukuthi izinga lokushisa komoya-mpilo owuketshezi likhuphuke. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngesikhathi senqubo yokuhwamuka komoya-mpilo owuketshezi, uzokhula ngokushesha futhi ukhiqize inani elikhulu lomoya-mpilo, okungaholela ekwandeni kokuhlushwa komoya-mpilo endaweni ezungezile, okwandisa ingozi yomlilo. Ngakho-ke, ngesikhathi sokugcina nokuthuthwa komoya-mpilo owuketshezi, imithethonqubo yokuphepha efanele kumele ilandelwe ngokuqinile ukuqinisekisa indawo yokusebenza ephephile kanye nokungena komoya.

Ukuqhathaniswa kwe-oxygen ewuketshezi namanye amagesi ezimboni

I-oxygen ewuketshezi, njenge-nitrogen ewuketshezi kanye ne-argon ewuketshezi, inezakhiwo ezifanayo zomzimba, kodwa kunomehluko omkhulu ekusetshenzisweni kanye nezakhiwo. Izinga lokubila le-nitrogen ewuketshezi lingu-196℃, elingaphansi kunele-oxygen ewuketshezi, ngakho-ke i-nitrogen ewuketshezi ivame ukusetshenziswa njengesibandisi, kuyilapho i-oxygen ewuketshezi, ngenxa yezakhiwo zayo ezinamandla zokuxova, ivame ukusetshenziswa njengesizo sokushisa noma i-oxidant. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-argon ewuketshezi, njengegesi engasebenzi, ayithambekeli ekuphenduleni nezinye izinto ngesikhathi sokuphendula kwamakhemikhali futhi isetshenziswa kakhulu ekuvikeleni umkhathi. Ngenkathi i-oxygen ewuketshezi, ngenxa yokuxova kwayo okuphezulu, ivame ukusetshenziswa ezinqubweni zokwenziwa kwamakhemikhali kanye nokusha.

Phakathi kwala magesi ezimboni, i-oxygen ewuketshezi ihlukile ngenxa yesakhiwo sayo esinamandla sokuxova, ikakhulukazi ezimweni ezidinga ukushiswa okusebenzayo kanye nokusabela okukhulu kokuxova. Izici zamagesi ezimboni ahlukene ziwenza akwazi ukudlala indima ebalulekile emikhakheni yawo yokusetshenziswa.

Ubungane bemvelo kanye nokusimama komoya-mpilo owuketshezi

Nakuba i-oxygen ewuketshezi, njengegesi yezimboni, inokusabela okuphezulu ekusebenzeni kwayo, ayibangeli ukungcola emvelweni empeleni. I-oxygen, njengengxenye ebalulekile yomkhathi, imikhiqizo yayo yokugcina enkambisweni yokusabela iningi layo liyizinto ezingenangozi njengamanzi noma i-carbon dioxide. Kodwa-ke, inqubo yokukhiqiza i-oxygen ewuketshezi idinga amandla amaningi, ikakhulukazi enkambisweni yokuhlukanisa ukupholisa okujulile, ngakho-ke ukuthuthukisa ukusebenza kahle kwamandla kokukhiqizwa kwe-oxygen ewuketshezi kubaluleke kakhulu ekuvikelweni kwemvelo.

Ngokusebenzisa imishini esebenza kahle kakhulu nokuthuthukisa ukugeleza kwenqubo, kungenzeka ukunciphisa ukusetshenziswa kwamandla ngenkathi kunciphisa umthelela wemvelo wokukhiqizwa komoya-mpilo owuketshezi. Ngokuthuthuka kobuchwepheshe bamandla aluhlaza, ukukhiqizwa komoya-mpilo owuketshezi kulindeleke ukuthi kube nobungane nemvelo futhi kuqhubeke isikhathi eside esikhathini esizayo, kuhlinzeke ngomthombo ohlanzekile womoya-mpilo wokukhiqizwa kwezimboni kanye nokuphila kwabantu. Isiphetho

I-oxygen ewuketshezi, njengohlobo oluwuketshezi lwe-oxygen, isetshenziswe kabanzi ezimbonini, ezindiza, kanye nasekunakekelweni kwezempilo ngenxa yezakhiwo zayo eziyingqayizivele zomzimba kanye nesimo sayo esinamandla sokuxova. Nakuba ukukhiqizwa nokusetshenziswa kwe-oxygen ewuketshezi kudinga izinyathelo zokuphepha eziqinile, indima yayo ebalulekile emikhakheni eminingi ayinakushintshwa. Esikhathini esizayo, ngokuthuthuka okuqhubekayo kobuchwepheshe, ukukhiqizwa nokusetshenziswa kwe-oxygen ewuketshezi kulindeleke ukuthi kusebenze kahle futhi kube nobungane nemvelo, ngaleyo ndlela kuhlangatshezwane kangcono nezidingo zomphakathi.

Singabakhiqizi kanye nabathumeli beyunithi yokuhlukanisa umoya. Uma ufuna ukwazi kabanzi ngathi:

Umuntu oxhumana naye: u-Anna

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