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I-oxygen ehlanzekile kakhulu isetshenziswa kabanzi emikhakheni yocwaningo lwezokwelapha, lwezimboni, kanye nolwesayensi. Intuthuko eqhubekayo yobuchwepheshe bayo bokukhiqiza iholele ezidingweni eziphakeme zokuhlanzeka nokusebenza kahle kokukhiqiza kwe-oxygen. Lesi sihloko sizokwethula izindlela eziningana ezivamile zokukhiqiza i-oxygen ehlanzekile kakhulu, sihlaziya izimiso zazo zokusebenza, izinzuzo kanye nokungalungi, kanye nezimo ezisebenzayo.

1. Indlela Yokuhlukanisa Umoya

Indlela yokuhlukanisa umoya ingenye yezindlela ezisetshenziswa kakhulu ekukhiqizeni i-oxygen ehlanzekile kakhulu. Umgomo wayo oyinhloko ukuhlukanisa izingxenye ezahlukene emoyeni ezindaweni ezahlukene zokubila ngokusebenzisa ubuchwepheshe bokupholisa obune-cryogenic.

1.1 Indlela Yokuhlukanisa Umoya Obandayo Ojulile

Indlela yokuhlukanisa umoya obandayo ojulile iwubuchwepheshe obuvuthiwe bokukhiqiza umoya-mpilo wezimboni. Le ndlela isebenzisa umehluko ezindaweni zokubila zezingxenye ezahlukene emoyeni ngaphansi kwezingcindezi namazinga okushisa ahlukene. Ngezigaba eziningi zokucindezela, ukupholisa, kanye noketshezi, umoya-mpilo, i-nitrogen, kanye namanye amagesi ahlukaniswa emoyeni. Idivayisi yokuhlukanisa umoya-mpilo obandayo ojulile isebenzisa imibhoshongo yokucwilisa enezigaba eziningi ukuze ekugcineni ithole umoya-mpilo ohlanzekile ongaphezu kuka-99.5%.

Izinzuzo zendlela yokuhlukanisa umoya obandayo ojulile ukuthi ingakhiqiza i-oxygen ehlanzekile kakhulu ngezinga elikhulu nangokuqhubekayo, futhi ifanele ukusetshenziswa kwezimboni ezinesidingo esikhulu se-oxygen, njengokuncibilikisa insimbi kanye nezinqubo zamakhemikhali. Okubi kwayo ukuthi ukutshalwa kwezimali kokuqala kukhulu, ukusetshenziswa kwamandla kuphezulu, kanti izidingo zokugcinwa nokusebenza kwemishini ziphezulu.

1.2 Indlela Yokuhlukanisa Ukwandiswa Kokucindezela

Indlela yokuhlukanisa ukucindezela nokwandisa iwukuthuthukisa indlela yokuhlukanisa umoya obandayo ojulile. Ngokucindezela umoya nokuwukhulisa ngokushesha, umoya uyaphola bese kuhlukaniswa umoya-mpilo nezinye izingxenye. Le ndlela ingaphinde ifinyelele ukuhlanzeka okuphezulu komoya-mpilo, kodwa uma kuqhathaniswa nokuhlukaniswa komoya obandayo ovamile, umthamo wayo wemishini mncane futhi ufanelekela izidingo zokukhiqiza umoya-mpilo ezincane.

2. Indlela Yokudonswa Kwe-Pressure Swing (PSA)

I-Pressure Swing Adsorption (PSA) iyindlela evame ukusetshenziswa ekukhiqizweni kwezimboni kwe-oxygen ehlanzekile kakhulu. Isimiso se-PSA ukusebenzisa izici zokufaka ezikhethiwe ze-adsorbents (njenge-zeolite molecular sieves) ze-nitrogen ne-oxygen emoyeni. Ngaphansi kwezingcindezi ezahlukene, i-nitrogen iyamuncwa futhi imuncwe ngokulandelana, ngaleyo ndlela ithole i-oxygen ehlanzekile kakhulu.

Izinzuzo zendlela ye-PSA ukuthi imishini yayo ilula, ukuqalisa kuyashesha, futhi izindleko zokusebenza ziphansi. Ayidingi inqubo yokupholisa eyinkimbinkimbi, ngakho-ke isetshenziswa kabanzi emishinini yokukhiqiza i-oxygen encane. Ubumsulwa be-oxygen obukhiqizwa yindlela ye-PSA buvame ukuba phakathi kuka-90% no-95%, kodwa ngokuthuthukiswa okufanele, ubumsulwa bungandiswa bube ngaphezu kuka-99%.

Kodwa-ke, izinkinga zendlela ye-PSA ukuthi ukukhiqizwa kwe-itoxygen kanye nobumsulwa kunqunyelwe ukusebenza kwe-adsorbent, futhi ukusebenza kahle kohlelo kuthintwa ukuguga kwe-adsorbent. Ngakho-ke, le ndlela ifaneleka kakhulu emabhizinisini noma ezikhungweni zezokwelapha ezinesidingo esincane se-oxygen.

Singabakhiqizi kanye nabathumeli beyunithi yokuhlukanisa umoya. Uma ufuna ukwazi kabanzi ngathi:

Umuntu oxhumana naye: u-Anna

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Email :anna.chou@hznuzhuo.com