I-HANGZHOU NUZHUO TECHNOLOGY GROUP CO., LTD.

I-nitrogen ewuketshezi kanye ne-oxygen ewuketshezi uketshezi olubili oluvame ukusetshenziswa embonini nasocwaningweni. Ngayinye inezinhlelo zayo ezibanzi nezihlukile. Zombili zikhiqizwa ngokuhlukaniswa komoya, kodwa ngenxa yezindawo zazo ezihlukene zamakhemikhali nezomzimba, zinezici ezihlukile ekusebenzeni okungokoqobo. Lesi sihloko sizohlola ukusetshenziswa okuqondile kwe-nitrogen ewuketshezi nomoya-mpilo owuketshezi kanye nomehluko wako.

I. Ukufakwa kwe-Liquid Nitrogen

I-nitrogen ewuketshezi itholakala ngokupholisa umoya ube ngaphansi kwendawo yokubila ye-nitrogen. Ingxenye yayo eyinhloko yigesi ye-nitrogen (N₂). Isakhiwo sezinga lokushisa eliphansi le-nitrogen ewuketshezi iyenza isebenze kabanzi, ikakhulukazi okuhlanganisa izici ezilandelayo:

Izinga lokushisa eliphansi lokubanda kanye nokulondolozwa

Okunye okuvame ukusetshenziswa kakhulu kwe-nitrogen ewuketshezi iwukubandisa izinga lokushisa eliphansi kanye nokugcinwa, ikakhulukazi emkhakheni we-biomedicine. Izinga lokushisa le-nitrogen ewuketshezi liphansi njengoba lifinyelela ku-−196°C, elingamisa ngokushesha izicubu zebhayoloji, amaseli, nemibungu futhi liwagcine isikhathi eside, aqinisekise ukusebenza kwawo. Lezi zinhlelo zokusebenza zibaluleke kakhulu ocwaningweni lwezokwelapha, ukufakelwa izitho zomzimba, kanye nokuzalanisa izilwane kokuhlola.

Ukuqandisa ukudla

Emkhakheni wokucubungula ukudla, i-nitrogen ewuketshezi isetshenziselwa ukuqandisa ukudla ngokushesha, njengokudla kwasolwandle, inyama nezithelo. Ukuqandisa i-nitrogen ewuketshezi kungehlisa ngokushesha izinga lokushisa lokudla, ngaleyo ndlela kunciphise ukwakheka kwamakristalu eqhwa futhi kuvikele ukunambitheka kanye nenani lokudla okunomsoco.

Ukupholisa nesiqandisi

I-nitrogen ewuketshezi ibuye isetshenziselwe ukupholisa kanye nokulawula izinga lokushisa kwemishini eyimishini. Isibonelo, i-nitrogen eyi-liquid ingasetshenziswa njengendawo yokupholisa ukunciphisa ukungqubuzana nokushisa ekucutshungulweni kwemishini, ngaleyo ndlela kuthuthukiswe ukunemba kokucubungula nokusebenza kahle.

Ukusetshenziswa kwegesi ye-nitrogen: I-nitrogen ewuketshezi inganikeza negesi enayithrojeni ehlanzeke kakhulu ngemva kokuhwamuka, esetshenziswa kakhulu embonini yamakhemikhali njengegesi evikelayo ukuvimbela ukusabela kwe-oxidation yezinto eziyingozi.

II. Izicelo ze-Liquid Oxygen

Ingxenye eyinhloko ye-oksijeni ye-liquid i-oxygen (O₂), ebuye itholakale ngokusebenzisa ubuchwepheshe obujulile bokuhlukanisa i-cryogenic. I-oksijeni, njengento ebalulekile yokusekelwa kwempilo kanye nokusabela kwamakhemikhali, inezinhlelo ezihlukahlukene zokusebenza, eziboniswa ikakhulukazi kulezi zici ezilandelayo:

Ukunikezwa komoyampilo wezokwelapha

I-oxygen ewuketshezi isetshenziswa kabanzi ezibhedlela kanye nokunakekelwa kwezimo eziphuthumayo, ihlinzeka nge-oksijeni ephezulu ezigulini ukuze zisize ukuphefumula. Ikakhulukazi ekwelapheni izifo zokuphefumula, ukunikezwa komoyampilo kubalulekile. I-oksijini yoketshezi incane ngomthamo, inokuqukethwe kwe-oxygen ephezulu, ilungele ukugcinwa nokuthuthwa, futhi ingenye yezindlela ezithandwayo zokuhlinzekwa komoyampilo wezokwelapha.

I-oxidant yezimboni

Umoya-mpilo owuketshezi uvame ukusetshenziswa njenge-oxidant embonini, ikakhulukazi ekuncibilikiseni insimbi nokukhiqizwa kwamakhemikhali. I-oxygen ewuketshezi ingasetshenziswa ukusiza ukuvutha, ukwandisa izinga lokushisa lomlilo nokusebenza kahle kokusabela. Ngokwesibonelo, lapho kwenziwa insimbi, kufakwa umoya-mpilo emanzini ensimbi encibilikisiwe ukuze kukhishwe ukungcola futhi kuthuthukiswe ukuhlanzeka kwensimbi.

I-Aerospace kanye ne-rocket propulsion

Umoya-mpilo owuketshezi uphethiloli osizayo ovame ukusetshenziswa kumarokhethi propulsion systems, oxutshwe nophethiloli owuketshezi (ofana ne-hydrogen ewuketshezi) ukuze ushise, okhiqiza amandla aphezulu kakhulu ukuze aqhubekisele amarokhethi emkhathini. Izakhiwo zayo ezinhle kakhulu ezisizayo ezishisayo zenza i-oxygen ewuketshezi ibe into ebaluleke kakhulu embonini ye-aerospace.

III. Umehluko phakathi kwe-Liquid Nitrogen ne-Liquid Oxygen

Nakuba ukusetshenziswa kwe-nitrogen ewuketshezi nomoya-mpilo owuketshezi kuhlukile, kunomehluko omkhulu emvelweni nasekusetshenzisweni. Ngokuqondile:

1. Ukwakheka: I-nitrogen ewuketshezi iqukethe igesi ye-nitrogen (N₂), kuyilapho umoya-mpilo owuketshezi unegesi ye-oxygen (O₂).

2. Ukuminyana: I-nitrogen ewuketshezi iminyene kunomoya-mpilo owuketshezi.

3. Iphuzu lokubilisa: I-nitrogen ewuketshezi inephuzu eliphansi lokubilisa kunomoya-mpilo owuketshezi.

4. Ukusetshenziswa: I-nitrogen ewuketshezi ivamise ukusetshenziselwa ukufriza nokulondoloza, kuyilapho umoya-mpilo owuketshezi usetshenziswa kakhulu njenge-oxidant kanye ne-propellant. Izakhiwo zamakhemikhali

I-nitrogen ewuketshezi empeleni iyi-inert, inesakhiwo samangqamuzana esizinze kakhulu esenza kungenzeki ukuthi kuhlangane amakhemikhali nezinye izinto. Le ndawo ivumela ukuthi isetshenziswe njengegesi evikelayo futhi isetshenziswe ezinqubweni eziningi zamakhemikhali nezimboni. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, i-oxygen eyi-liquid iyi-oxidizer enamandla ene-high chemical reactivity, futhi ijwayele ukusabela okunamandla kwe-oxidation nezinye izinto, okwenza isetshenziswe kabanzi ezinqubweni zokuvutha kanye ne-oxidation.

Izici zezinga lokushisa

Iphuzu elibilayo le-nitrogen ewuketshezi liphansi kunalelo lomoya-mpilo owuketshezi (i-nitrogen enguketshezi -196°C, umoya-mpilo owuketshezi -183°C), okwenza ifaneleke ukupholisa nokugcinwa emazingeni okushisa aphansi. Nakuba i-oksijini ewuketshezi nayo ingeyesigaba soketshezi lwe-cryogenic, ukusebenza kwayo kwezinga lokushisa eliphansi akufani nokufana noketshezi lwe-nitrogen. Ngakho-ke, i-oxygen ewuketshezi isetshenziswa kakhulu ekushiseni nasekufakeni i-oxidation kunokulondoloza i-cryogenic. Ukuphepha

I-nitrogen ewuketshezi iphephile uma isetshenziswa ngoba ayijwayele ukuhlangana namakhemikhali. Izingozi eziyinhloko ukulimala okubandayo okuvela ekushiseni okuphansi kanye nokushintshwa komoyampilo esikhaleni, okungase kubangele ukuphefumulelwa umoya. Nakuba umoya-mpilo owuketshezi, njenge-oxidizer, kufanele ugcinwe kude nezinto ezivuthayo ezifana namafutha ukuze kuvinjelwe ukusha kanye nezingozi zokuqhuma. Ngakho-ke, kudinga ukuqapha okwengeziwe ngesikhathi sokusetshenziswa.

I-nitrogen ewuketshezi kanye ne-oxygen ewuketshezi uketshezi olubalulekile olunezinga lokushisa eliphansi. Nakuba zombili zikhiqizwa ngokuhlukana komoya, ngenxa yezakhiwo zazo ezihlukene zamakhemikhali nezomzimba, izinkambu zazo zokufaka izicelo zinokugxila okuhlukile. I-nitrogen eyi-liquid, enezici zayo zokungabi namandla kanye nezinga lokushisa eliphansi, isetshenziswa kakhulu ekugcinweni kweqhwa, ukucubungula ukudla, nokupholisa izimboni, njll. Nakuba umoya-mpilo owuketshezi, oncike ezintweni zawo ezixubile, usetshenziselwa ikakhulukazi ukuhlinzekwa komoyampilo wezokwelapha, i-oxidation yezimboni, kanye nokuqhutshwa kwe-aerospace, njll. Ekusebenzeni okungokoqobo, ukusetshenziswa kwe-nitrogen ewuketshezi kanye nokupholisa kwe-industrial, njll.

Singabakhiqizi nabathekelisi beyunithi yokuhlukanisa umoya. Uma ufuna ukwazi okwengeziwe ngathi:

Oxhumana naye: Anna

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Email :anna.chou@hznuzhuo.com