Umbhali: Lukas Bijikli, Umphathi Wephothifoliyo Lomkhiqizo, ukushayela okuhlanganisiwe kwamagiya, i-R & D Co2 Compression kanye namaphampu okushisa, amaphampu we-Nokia.
Iminyaka eminingi, i-compressor ehlanganisiwe ye-compressor (IGC) ibilokhu ibuchwepheshe yokuzikhethela izitshalo zokwehlukaniswa komoya. Lokhu kungenxa yokusebenza kwazo okuphezulu, okuholela ngqo kwizindleko ezincishisiwe ze-oksijini, i-nitrogen kanye negesi inertert. Kodwa-ke, ukugxila okukhulayo eDecrobonazation kubeka izimfuno ezintsha kuma-IPC, ikakhulukazi ngokuya ngokusebenza kahle nokuguquguquka okulungiselelwe. Izindleko ezinkulu ziqhubeka nokuba yinto ebalulekile yabasebenzisi bezitshalo, ikakhulukazi emabhizinisini amancane naphakathi nendawo.
Eminyakeni embalwa edlule, i-Nokia Energy iqale amaphrojekthi ambalwa wokucwaninga kanye nentuthuko (R & D) okuhloswe ngayo ekwandiseni amakhono we-IGC ukubhekana nezidingo eziguqukayo zemakethe yokwehlukanisa komoya. Lo mbhalo uqokomisa ukuthuthuka okuthile okuqondile esikwenzile futhi waxoxa ngokuthi lezi zinguquko zingasiza kanjani ukuhlangabezana nezindleko zamakhasimende ethu nezinhloso zokunciphisa amakhabhoni.
Amayunithi amaningi wokuhlukanisa umoya namuhla ahlome ngama-compressors amabili: I-air compressor (Mac) kanye ne-Boost Air Compressor (BAC). I-compressor enkulu yomoya ivame ukucindezela konke ukugeleza komoya kusuka ekucindezelweni komkhathi kuya kubha eli-6. Ingxenye yalokhu kugeleza iphinde yacindezelwa ku-BAC kuya kungcindezi yebha kufinyelela ku-60.
Ngokuya ngomthombo wamandla, i-compressor imvamisa iqhutshwa i-turbine ye-steam noma imoto kagesi. Lapho usebenzisa i-turbine ye-steam, bobabili abacindezeli baqhutshwa yi-turbine efanayo ngokusebenzisa ama-twin shaft. Ngohlelo lwe-Classical, igiya eliphakathi nendawo lifakiwe phakathi kweTurbine Turbine ne-HAC (Fig. 1).
Kuzo zombili izinhlelo eziqhutshwa ngogesi eziqhutshwa ngogesi kanye ne-steam turbine eziqhutshwa, ukusebenza kahle kwe-compressor kuyinto enamandla ye-deCarbonazation njengoba inomthelela ngqo ukusetshenziswa kwamandla kweyunithi. Lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu kuma-MGP aqhutshwa yi-Steam Turbines, ngoba iningi lokushisa lokukhiqizwa komusi litholwa kuma-bossil amafutha e-boile-exhopele.
Yize ama-motor kagesi ahlinzeka ngenye indlela eluhlaza okotshani e-Steam Turbine Drives, kuvame ukuba nesidingo esikhulu sokulawula ukuguquguquka. Izitshalo eziningi zokwehlukanisa zomoya zanamuhla zakhiwa namuhla zixhumene negridi futhi zinezinga eliphakeme lokusebenzisa amandla avuselelekayo. E-Australia, ngokwesibonelo, kunezinhlelo zokwakha izitshalo eziningana ze-ammonia ezizosebenzisa amayunithi wokwahlukaniswa komoya (ASUS) ukukhiqiza i-nitrogen ye-ammonia synthesis futhi kulindeleke ukuthi zithole ugesi emapulazini aseSolar. Kulezi zitshalo, ukuguquguquka okulawulayo kubalulekile ukunxephezela ukuguquguquka kwemvelo enkabeni yamandla.
I-Nokia Energy yathuthukisa i-IGC yokuqala (eyayaziwa ngokuthi i-VK) ngo-1948. Namuhla inkampani ikhiqiza amayunithi angaphezu kuka-2 300 emhlabeni wonke, iningi lazo lenzelwe izicelo ngamanani we-400,000 m3 / h. Ama-MGP ethu wanamuhla anesilinganiso sokugeleza esifinyelela kumamitha ayi-1,2 wezigidi ze-cubic ngehora esakhiweni esisodwa. Lokhu kufaka phakathi izinhlobo ezilungiselelwe ama-console compressors anezingcindezi zokucindezela kuze kufike ku-2,5 noma ngaphezulu ezinguqulweni zesigaba esisodwa nezinguqulo zengcindezi ezifika kwezingu-6.
Eminyakeni yamuva nje, ukuze uhlangane nezimfuno ezikhulayo zokusebenza kahle kwe-IGC, ukuguquguquka okulungiselelwe kanye nezindleko zemali, senze ukuthuthuka okubonakalayo okuphawulekile, okufingqiwe ngezansi.
Ukusebenza okuguquguqukayo kwe-Intanethi yabangeli ngokuvamile esetshenziswa esigabeni sokuqala se-MAC kukhuphuke ngokushintshana kwe-blade geometry. Ngalesi impeller entsha, i-effecticies eguquguqukayo efinyelela kuma-89% ingatholakala ngokuhlanganiswa ne-ls differs kanye ne-90% ngokuhlanganiswa nesizukulwane esisha se-hybrid diffusers.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-Impeller inenombolo ye-Mach ephakeme kune-1.3, enikeza isigaba sokuqala ngokuqina kwamandla aphezulu kanye ne-compression ratio. Lokhu futhi kunciphisa amandla amagiya eziteji ezineziteji ezintathu kufanele adlulise, avumele ukusetshenziswa kwamagiya amancane abubanzi kanye nama-gear gearges aqondile ezigabeni zokuqala.
Uma kuqhathaniswa nobude bendabuko obugcwele be-LS Vane Diffuser, isizukulwane esilandelayo se-hybrid diffuser sinokukhulisa kwesiteji esikhulayo se-2,5% nokulawula isici se-3%. Lokhu kwanda kutholakala ngokuxuba ama-blade (okusho ukuthi amabala ahlukaniswe ngobude obugcwele kanye nezingxenye eziphakeme-zokuphakama). Kulokhu kucushwa
Ukukhishwa kokugeleza phakathi kwempeller ne-diffuser kuncishiswa yingxenye yokuphakama kwe-blade okutholakala eduze kwimpetho kunamabala we-LS ajwayelekile. Njengasesikhathini esijwayelekile se-LS, imiphetho ehamba phambili yama-blade agcwele ngokulinganayo alingana ne-impeller ukugwema ukusebenzisana okungekho emthethweni okungalimaza ama-blade.
Ngokwengxenye yandisa ukuphakama kwama-blades eduze kwe-impeller futhi kuthuthukisa ukuholwa kokugeleza eduze kwe-pulsotion zone. Ngoba umphetho oholayo wesigaba se-vane esigcwele uhlala ububanzi njenge-ls diffouser, umugqa we-throttle awuthinteki, ukuvumela uhla olubanzi lokufaka isicelo kanye nokuhleleka.
Umjovo wamanzi kubandakanya ukujova amaconsi amanzi emfuleni womoya e-suction tube. Amaconsi aqhakambisa futhi amunca ukushisa kusuka ekusakazweni kwegesi yenqubo, ngaleyo ndlela anciphise izinga lokushisa elisezingeni eliphansi. Lokhu kuphumela ekunciphiseni kwezidingo zamandla we-Isentropic kanye nokwanda kokusebenza kahle kokungaphezulu kwe-1%.
Ukuqinisa i-gear shaft kukuvumela ukuthi ukhuphule ukucindezelwa okuvumelekile endaweni ngayinye, okuvumela ukuthi unciphise ububanzi bezinyo. Lokhu kunciphisa ukulahleka kwemishini ebhokisini legiya kuze kufike ku-25%, okuholela ekwandeni kokusebenza kahle okufika ku-0.5%. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izindleko ezinkulu ze-compressor zingancishiswa kufinyelela ku-1% ngoba insimbi encane isetshenziswa ebhokisini elikhulu lamagiya.
Le mpeller ingasebenza nge-coefficial ekhokhelwa (φ) kuze kufike ku-0.25 futhi inikezela ngamakhanda ayi-6% ngaphezulu kwabangu-65 degree ababi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-Coflow Coeffrent ifinyelela ku-0,25, futhi ekwakhiweni okugeleza okubili komshini we-IGC, ukugeleza kwe-volumetric kufinyelela ku-1.2 million m3 / h noma ngisho nezigidi eziyi-2.4 m3 / h.
Inani eliphakeme le-Phi livumela ukusetshenziswa kwe-Impelter Exterter Empeller ku-Flow efanayo yevolumu, ngaleyo ndlela kunciphisa izindleko ze-compressor eyinhloko nge-4%. Ububanzi bokuqala kwesigaba sokuqala bungancishiswa ngokwengeziwe.
Ikhanda eliphakeme litholwa yi-angle yokuphambuka kwe-75 ° impeller, ekhulisa i-velocity velocity ye-velocity yokuphuma endaweni yokuphuma futhi ngenxa yalokho ihlinzeka ngekhanda eliphakeme ngokusho kwe-equation ka-euler.
Qhathanisa nesivinini esiphakeme kanye nabathuthukisi abasebenza kahle, ukusebenza kahle kwe-impeller kuncishiswe kancane ngenxa yokulahleka okuphezulu ku-votute. Lokhu kunganxeshezelwa ngokusebenzisa inhlekisa ephakathi nendawo. Kodwa-ke, noma ngaphandle kwalezi zinto zokunikela, ukusebenza okuguquguqukayo okufika kuma-87% kungatholakala ngenombolo ye-MAD ye-1,0 kanye ne-flow coeffled ka-0.24.
I-Vollote Encane ikuvumela ukuthi ugweme ukushayisana neminye imithambeka lapho kuncishiswa ububanzi begiya elikhulu. Opharetha bangagcina izindleko ngokushintsha kusuka ku-6-Pole motor ku-4-Pole motor (1000 RPM kuya ku-1500 rpm) ngaphandle kwejubane le-gear elivumelekile. Ngokwengeziwe, kunganciphisa izindleko ezibonakalayo zamagiya anophethwe kahle namakhulu.
Sekukonke, i-compressor eyinhloko ingagcina kuze kufike ku-2% ezindlekweni ezinkulu, futhi injini nayo ingalondoloze u-2% ngezindleko zemali. Ngoba imithambo ehlanganisiwe isebenza kahle kancane, isinqumo sokuyisebenzisa kakhulu kuncike ekubalulekeni kweklayenti (izindleko vs. ukusebenza kahle) futhi kufanele ihlolwe ngesisekelo sephrojekthi yephrojekthi.
Ukwandisa amakhono okulawula, i-IGV ingafakwa phambi kwezigaba eziningi. Lokhu kuhluke ngokuphelele kumaphrojekthi wangaphambilini we-IGC, ahlanganisa kuphela ama-IGV afinyelela esigabeni sokuqala.
Esikhathini kwangaphambilini kwe-IGC, i-vortex coufficiently (ie, i-angle ye-IGV yesibili ehlukaniswe yi-angle ye-IGV1 yokuqala) ihlala ihlala ingakhathalekile ukuthi ingabe ukugeleza kwangaphambili (i-Angle>, ukunciphisa i-vortex (angle <0). °, ingcindezi iyanda). Lokhu kudabukisa ngoba uphawu lwe-angle lushintsha phakathi kwama-vortices amahle nengemuhle.
Ukucushwa okusha kuvumela ukuthi kusetshenziswe izilinganiso ezimbili ze-vortex ezihlukile lapho umshini udluliselwa phambili futhi uguqule imodi ye-vortex, ngaleyo ndlela ukhule ububanzi bokulawula ngo-4% ngenkathi ugcina ukusebenza kahle.
Ngokufaka i-LS diffser ye-impeller evame ukusetshenziswa kuma-BACS, ukusebenza kahle kwezigaba eziningi kunganyuswa ku-89%. Lokhu, kuhlangene nokuthuthuka kokusebenza kahle, kunciphisa inani lezigaba ze-BAC ngenkathi kugcinwa ukusebenza kahle kwesitimela. Ukunciphisa inani lezigaba kuqeda isidingo sokwenza i-intercooler, amapayipi e-robor ahambisana ne-rotor kanye ne-rotor kanye nezitaki, okuholela ekugcinweni kwezindleko ze-10%. Ngokwengeziwe, ezimweni eziningi kungenzeka ukuhlanganisa i-compressor yomoya eyinhloko kanye ne-booster compressor emshinini owodwa.
Njengoba kushiwo ngaphambili, igiya eliphakathi nendawo livame ukudingeka phakathi kwe-turbine ye-steam kanye ne-vac. Ngomklamo omusha we-IGC ovela kuma-Motonen Energy, leli geyithi ye-Idler lingahlanganiswa kwibhokisi lamagiya ngokungeza ishaft ye-idler phakathi kwe-pinion shaft kanye namagiya amakhulu (amagiya ama-4). Lokhu kunganciphisa izindleko eziphelele zomugqa (ama-compressor aphambili kanye nemishini yokusizakala) kuze kufike ku-4%.
Ngokwengeziwe, amagiya ama-4-pinion anenye indlela esebenza kahle yokushintshwa kwama-motors okushintsha kusuka ku-6-pole motors kuma-compressos amakhulu we-air compressors (uma kukhona ijubane elikhulu elivunyelwe noma uma isivinini esikhulu esivumelekile se-pinion sizoncishiswa). ) edlule.
Ukusetshenziswa kwabo kuya ngokuya kuvame kakhulu ezimakethe ezimbalwa ezibalulekile eDemonbonakization yezimboni, kufaka phakathi amaphampu okushisa kanye nokucindezelwa kwe-Steam, kanye nokucindezelwa kwe-CO2, ukusetshenziswa kwe-Carbon Capemba,
I-Nokia Energy inomlando omude wokuklama nokusebenza kwe-IGCS. Njengoba kufakazelwe yimizamo engenhla (nomunye), sizibophezele ekuqhubekeni kwemizamo yokuqhubeka nokuhlangana nale mishini ukuhlangabezana nezidingo zesicelo esiyingqayizivele futhi sihlangabezane nezidingo ezikhulayo zemakethe zezindleko eziphansi, ukukhulisa ukuqina. Kt2
Isikhathi Seposi: APR-28-2024