I-HANGZHOU NUZHUO TECHNOLOGY GROUP CO.,LTD.

Izinkampani zokwenza ubhiya zisebenzisa i-CO2 ngezindlela eziningi ezimangalisayo enkambisweni yokwenza ubhiya, ukupakisha kanye nokuphakela: ukuhambisa ubhiya noma umkhiqizo kusuka ethangini uye kwelinye, ukwenza umkhiqizo ube yi-carbon, ukuhlanza umoya-mpilo ngaphambi kokupakisha, ukupakisha ubhiya enkambisweni, ukuhlanza amathangi aseBrit ngemuva kokuhlanza nokuhlanza, ukufaka ubhiya ohlungiwe ebhodleleni endaweni yokudlela noma ebha. Lokhu kumane nje kuyisiqalo.
“Sisebenzisa i-CO2 kuyo yonke indawo yokwenza utshwala kanye nebha,” kusho uMax McKenna, umphathi omkhulu wokumaketha eDorchester Brewing Co. eseBoston. Siphakela ubhiya – kuzo zonke izigaba zenqubo.”
Njengezindawo eziningi zokukhiqiza utshwala, iDorchester Brewing ibhekene nokuntuleka kwe-CO2 yekhwalithi yezentengiselwano edingayo ukuze isebenze (funda ngazo zonke izizathu zalokhu kushoda lapha).
“Ngenxa yezinkontileka zethu, abahlinzeki bethu be-CO2 bamanje abakakhuphuli amanani abo naphezu kokwenyuka kwentengo kwezinye izingxenye zemakethe,” kusho uMcKenna. “Kuze kube manje, umthelela ube kakhulu ekusabalalisweni okulinganiselwe.”
Ukuze kulungiswe ukuntuleka kwe-CO2, i-Dorchester Brewing isebenzisa i-nitrogen esikhundleni se-CO2 kwezinye izimo.
“Sikwazile ukuhambisa imisebenzi eminingi siye ku-nitrogen,” kuqhubeka uMcKenna. “Eminye yemisebenzi ebaluleke kakhulu kwakuwukuhlanza amathini nokumboza igesi ngesikhathi senqubo yokufaka amathini nokuvala. Lokhu kuyisengezo esikhulu kakhulu kithi ngoba lezi zinqubo zidinga i-CO2 eningi. Isikhathi eside besinesitshalo se-nitro esikhethekile. Sisebenzisa ijeneretha ekhethekile ye-nitrogen ukukhiqiza yonke i-nitrogen yebha - yomugqa we-nitro ozinikele kanye nenhlanganisela yethu yobhiya.”
I-N2 iyigesi engabizi kakhulu ukuyikhiqiza futhi ingasetshenziswa ezindlini zokugcina utshwala ezenziwe ngezandla, ezitolo zamabhodlela nasemabhawa. I-N2 ishibhile kune-CO2 yeziphuzo futhi ivame ukutholakala kakhulu, kuye ngokutholakala endaweni yakini.
I-N2 ingathengwa njengegesi kumasilinda anomfutho ophezulu noma njengoketshezi ku-Dewars noma amathangi amakhulu okugcina. I-nitrogen ingakhiqizwa futhi endaweni kusetshenziswa i-nitrogen generator. Ama-nitrogen generator asebenza ngokususa ama-molecule e-oxygen emoyeni.
I-nitrogen iyona element eningi kakhulu (78%) emkhathini woMhlaba, okunye umoya-mpilo namagesi amancane. Iphinde yenze kube nobungane kakhulu nemvelo njengoba ukhipha i-CO2 encane.
Ekuphekeni nasekupakisheni, i-N2 ingasetshenziswa ukugcina umoya-mpilo ungangeni ebhiya. Uma isetshenziswa kahle (abantu abaningi baxuba i-CO2 ne-N2 lapho besebenza nobhiya obune-carbonated) i-N2 ingasetshenziswa ukuhlanza amathangi, ukudlulisa ubhiya kusuka ethangini kuya ethangini, ukufaka umfutho emabhokisini ngaphambi kokugcina, ngenkathi ifaka umoya ngaphansi kwezivalo. Isithako sokunambitha nokuzwa umlomo. Emabharini, i-nitro isetshenziswa emigqeni yamanzi empompini ye-nitropiv kanye nokusetshenziswa komfutho ophezulu/ibanga elide lapho i-nitrogen ixutshwa nephesenti elithile le-CO2 ukuvimbela ubhiya ukuthi ungaphumi empompini. I-N2 ingasetshenziswa ngisho nanjengegesi yokubilisa yokukhipha igesi emanzini uma lokhu kuyingxenye yenqubo yakho.
Manje, njengoba sishilo esihlokweni sethu sangaphambilini mayelana nokuntuleka kwe-CO2, i-nitrogen ayiyona indawo eqondile ye-CO2 kuzo zonke izinhlelo zokukhiqiza. Lawa magesi aziphatha ngendlela ehlukile. Anesisindo sama-molecule ahlukene kanye nobuningi obuhlukene.
Isibonelo, i-CO2 incibilika kakhulu koketshezi kune-N2. Yingakho i-nitrogen ikhipha amabhamuza amancane kanye nomuzwa ohlukile womlomo ebhiya. Yingakho abenzi bobhiya besebenzisa amaconsi e-nitrogen aketshezi esikhundleni se-nitrogen enegesi kubhiya we-nitrate. I-Carbon dioxide iphinde yengeze ukucasuka noma ubumuncu okungenawo i-nitrogen, okungashintsha iphrofayili yokunambitheka, kusho abantu. Ukushintshela ku-nitrogen ngeke kuzixazulule zonke izinkinga ze-carbon dioxide.
“Kukhona amathuba,” kusho uChuck Skepek, umqondisi wezinhlelo zokukhiqiza utshwala zobuchwepheshe eBrewers Institute, “kodwa i-nitrogen ayilona ikhambi noma ikhambi elisheshayo. I-CO2 ne-nitrogen ziziphatha ngendlela ehlukile kakhulu. Uzothola i-nitrogen eningi ixubene nomoya osethangini kunalapho ususa i-CO2. Ngakho-ke izodinga i-nitrogen eningi. Ngikuzwa lokhu ngokuphindaphindiwe.
“Omunye umkhiqizi wobhiya engimaziyo wayehlakaniphile ngempela futhi waqala ukufaka i-carbon dioxide esikhundleni se-nitrogen, kanti ubhiya wabo wawunomoya-mpilo omningi kuwo, ngakho manje basebenzisa ingxube ye-nitrogen ne-carbon dioxide, ngenhlanhla encane. hhayi nje ukuthi, “He, sizoqala ukusebenzisa i-nitrogen ukuxazulula zonke izinkinga zethu. Kuhle ukubona okuningi ngalokhu ezincwadini, sesiqala ukubona abantu abaningi benza ucwaningo, futhi, uyazi, ukuze baqhamuke nezindlela ezinhle kakhulu zokufaka lokhu esikhundleni.”
Ukulethwa kwala magesi kuzohluka njengoba enobuningi obuhlukene obungabangela izinguquko ezithile zobunjiniyela noma zokugcina. Lalela uJason Perkins, umkhiqizi webhiya oyinhloko e-Allagash Brewing Co., exoxa ngokuthuthukisa umugqa wakhe wamabhodlela kanye ne-gas manifold ukuze kusetshenziswe i-CO2 ekugcwaliseni isitsha esinengcindezi kanye ne-N2 ye-sealant kanye ne-bubble breaker. Isitoreji singahluka.
“Kukhona umehluko othile impela, ngokwengxenye ngenxa yendlela esithola ngayo i-nitrogen,” kusho uMcKenna. “Sithola i-nitrogen ewuketshezi emsulwa kuma-dewars, ngakho-ke ukuyigcina kuhluke kakhulu kumathangi ethu e-CO2: mancane, kuma-roller futhi agcinwa efrijini. Sikuthathele ezingeni elilandelayo. Siyikhuphulile i-carbon dioxide ibe yi-nitrogen, kodwa futhi, siqaphela kakhulu ukuthi singalwenza kanjani ushintsho ngendlela ephumelelayo nangokwethembeka ukuqinisekisa ukuthi ubhiya usesigabeni sawo esiphezulu kuzo zonke izinyathelo zendlela. Okubalulekile, kwezinye izimo kwakuyindlela elula kakhulu yokufaka esikhundleni se-plug and play, kanti kwezinye izimo kwakudinga ukuthuthukiswa okukhulu ezintweni zokwakha, ingqalasizinda, ukukhiqiza, njll.”
Ngokusho kwalesi sihloko esihle kakhulu esivela ku-Titus Co. (umhlinzeki wama-air compressor, ama-air dryer, kanye nezinsizakalo ze-air compressor ngaphandle kwePennsylvania), ama-generator e-nitrogen asebenza ngenye yezindlela ezimbili:
Ukumuncwa kwe-Pressure swing: Ukumuncwa kwe-Pressure swing (PSA) kusebenza kusetshenziswa izisefo zama-molecule e-carbon ukuze kuhlukaniswe ama-molecule. Isisefo sinezimbobo ezinobukhulu obufana nobe-molecule ye-oxygen, sibamba lawo ma-molecule njengoba edlula futhi sivumele ama-molecule amakhulu e-nitrogen ukuthi adlule. Ijeneretha ibe isikhipha i-oxygen ngelinye igumbi. Umphumela wale nqubo ukuthi ubumsulwa be-nitrogen bungafinyelela ku-99.999%.
Ukukhiqizwa kwe-nitrogen nge-membrane. Ukukhiqizwa kwe-nitrogen nge-membrane kusebenza ngokuhlukanisa ama-molecule kusetshenziswa imicu ye-polymer. Le micu ayinalutho, inezimbobo ezingaphezulu ezincane ngokwanele ukuvumela umoya-mpilo ukuthi udlule, kodwa zincane kakhulu ukuthi ama-molecule e-nitrogen asuse umoya-mpilo emgudwini wegesi. Ama-generator asebenzisa le ndlela angakhiqiza i-nitrogen ehlanzekile efinyelela ku-99.5%.
Nokho, ijenereyitha ye-nitrogen ye-PSA ikhiqiza i-nitrogen emsulwa kakhulu ngamanani amakhulu futhi ngamanani aphezulu okugeleza, uhlobo oluhlanzekile kakhulu lwe-nitrogen oludingwa yizindawo eziningi zokwenza ubhiya. I-Ultrapure isho ukuthi i-99.9995% kuya ku-99%. Ijenereyitha ye-nitrogen ye-membrane ilungele izindawo ezincane zokwenza ubhiya ezidinga i-volume ephansi, enye indlela yokugeleza ephansi lapho ubumsulwa obungu-99% kuya ku-99.9% buyamukeleka.
Ngokusebenzisa ubuchwepheshe bamuva, i-Atlas Copco nitrogen generator iyi-compressor yomoya yezimboni encane ene-diaphragm ekhethekile ehlukanisa i-nitrogen nomfudlana womoya ocindezelwe. Izinkampani zokwenza ubhiya ziyizithameli eziqondiwe kakhulu ze-Atlas Copo. Ngokusho kwephepha elimhlophe le-Atlas Copco, abenzi bobhiya bavame ukukhokha phakathi kuka-$0.10 no-$0.15 nge-cubic foot ngayinye ukukhiqiza i-nitrogen endaweni. Lokhu kuqhathaniswa kanjani nezindleko zakho ze-CO2?
“Sinikeza amaphakheji ayisithupha ajwayelekile ahlanganisa u-80% wazo zonke izindawo zokwenza ubhiya – kusukela ezinkulungwaneni ezimbalwa kuya ezinkulungwaneni zamabhareli ngonyaka,” kusho uPeter Askini, umphathi wokuthuthukiswa kwebhizinisi lamagesi ezimboni e-Atlas Copco. “Indawo yokwenza ubhiya ingandisa amandla emishini yayo yokwenza ubhiya ukuze ikwazi ukukhula ngenkathi igcina ukusebenza kahle. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukwakheka kwe-modular kuvumela ukuthi kufakwe i-generator yesibili uma imisebenzi yefektri yokwenza ubhiya ikhula kakhulu.”
“Ukusebenzisa i-nitrogen akuhlosiwe ukufaka esikhundleni se-CO2 ngokuphelele,” kuchaza u-Asquini, “kodwa sicabanga ukuthi abenzi bewayini banganciphisa ukusetshenziswa kwabo cishe ngo-70%. Amandla amakhulu okuqhubekisela phambili ukusimama. Kulula kakhulu kunoma yimuphi umenzi wewayini ukukhiqiza i-nitrogen eyedwa. Ungasebenzisi amagesi amaningi okushisa.” okuyinto engcono kakhulu endaweni ezungezile. Kuzozuzisa kusukela enyangeni yokuqala, okuzothinta ngqo umkhawulo wemali, uma ingaveli ngaphambi kokuthi uyithenge, ungayithengi. Nansi imithetho yethu elula. Isidingo se-CO2 sikhuphuka kakhulu ukukhiqiza imikhiqizo enjalo, njengeqhwa elomile, elisebenzisa inani elikhulu le-CO2 futhi elidingekayo ukuthutha imijovo. Izinkampani zokwenza ubhiya e-US ziveza ukukhathazeka ngezinga lokunikezwa futhi ziyazibuza ukuthi zingagcina izinga lentengo lihambisana nezidingo zenkampani yokwenza ubhiya.”
Njengoba kushiwo ngaphambili, ubumsulwa be-nitrogen buzoba yinto ekhathaza kakhulu abenzi bobhiya bezandla. Njenge-CO2, i-nitrogen izosebenzisana nobhiya noma i-wort futhi ithwale ukungcola kanye nayo. Yingakho abakhiqizi be-nitrogen abaningi bokudla neziphuzo bezokhangiswa njengamayunithi angenawo amafutha (funda ngezinzuzo zokuhlanzeka kwama-compressor angenawo amafutha emushweni wokugcina oseceleni kwebha engezansi).
“Uma sithola i-CO2, sihlola ikhwalithi yayo kanye nokungcola kwayo, okungenye ingxenye ebaluleke kakhulu yokusebenza nomhlinzeki omuhle,” kusho uMcKenna. “I-nitrogen ihlukile kancane, yingakho sisathenga i-nitrogen ewuketshezi emsulwa. Enye into esiyibhekayo ukuthola nokubeka amanani kumkhiqizi we-nitrogen wangaphakathi - futhi, sigxile ku-nitrogen ekhiqizayo nge-Purity ukuze sinciphise ukumuncwa komoya-mpilo. Sibona lokhu njengokutshalwa kwezimali okungenzeka, ngakho-ke izinqubo kuphela efektri yokwenza utshwala ezincike ngokuphelele ku-CO2 kuzoba ukwenziwa kwe-carbonation kabhiya kanye nokugcinwa kwamanzi ompompi.
"Kodwa into eyodwa ebaluleke kakhulu okufanele uyikhumbule - futhi, into ebonakala ikhetha ukuyikhohlwa kodwa ebalulekile ekugcineni ikhwalithi kabhiya - ukuthi noma yimuphi umkhiqizi we-nitrogen udinga ukukhiqiza i-nitrogen endaweni yesibili [okungukuthi ubumsulwa obungu-99.99%] ukuze kuncishiswe ukumuncwa komoya-mpilo kanye nengozi yokushiswa yi-oxidation. Leli zinga lokunemba nobumsulwa lidinga izindleko ezengeziwe zomkhiqizi we-nitrogen, kodwa liqinisekisa ikhwalithi ye-nitrogen ngakho-ke ikhwalithi kabhiya."
Abapheki bebhiya badinga idatha eningi kanye nokulawulwa kwekhwalithi uma besebenzisa i-nitrogen. Isibonelo, uma umkhiqizi webhiya esebenzisa i-N2 ukuhambisa ubhiya phakathi kwamatangi, ukuzinza kwe-CO2 ethangini kanye nasethangini noma ebhodleleni kumele kuqashwe kuyo yonke inqubo. Kwezinye izimo, i-N2 emsulwa ingase ingasebenzi kahle (isibonelo, lapho igcwalisa izitsha) ngoba i-N2 emsulwa izosusa i-CO2 esixazululweni. Ngenxa yalokho, abanye abapheki bebhiya bazosebenzisa ingxube ye-CO2 ne-N2 engama-50/50 ukugcwalisa isitsha, kanti abanye bazoyigwema ngokuphelele.
Icebiso le-N2 Pro: Ake sixoxe ngokulungiswa. Amajeneretha e-nitrogen aseduze kakhulu “nokuwabeka bese uwakhohlwa” ngangokunokwenzeka, kodwa ezinye izinto ezisetshenziswayo, njengezihlungi, zidinga ukushintshwa okungajwayelekile. Ngokuvamile, le nsizakalo iyadingeka cishe njalo emahoreni angu-4000. Ithimba elifanayo elinakekela i-air compressor yakho lizonakekela nejeneretha yakho. Amajeneretha amaningi eza nesilawuli esilula esifana ne-iPhone yakho futhi anikeza amakhono okuqapha akude ohlelo lokusebenza oluphelele.
Ukuhlanza ithangi kuhlukile ekuhlanzeni i-nitrogen ngezizathu eziningana. I-N2 ixubana kahle nomoya, ngakho ayihlangani ne-O2 njengoba kwenza i-CO2. I-N2 nayo ilula kunomoya, ngakho igcwalisa ithangi kusukela phezulu kuya phansi, kuyilapho i-CO2 iyigcwalisa kusukela phansi kuya phezulu. Kuthatha i-N2 eningi kune-CO2 ukuhlanza ithangi lokugcina futhi ngokuvamile kudinga ukudubula okwengeziwe. Ingabe usalondoloza imali?
Izinkinga ezintsha zokuphepha nazo ziyavela ngegesi entsha yezimboni. Ifektri yokwenza ubhiya kufanele ifake izinzwa ze-O2 ukuze abasebenzi bakwazi ukubona ikhwalithi yomoya wangaphakathi - njengoba nje une-N2 dewars egcinwe eziqandisini kulezi zinsuku.
Kodwa inzuzo ingadlula kalula izitshalo zokubuyisa i-CO2. Kule webinar, uDion Quinn weFoth Production Solutions (inkampani yobunjiniyela) uthi ukukhiqizwa kwe-N2 kubiza phakathi kuka-$8 no-$20 ngethani, kuyilapho ukubamba i-CO2 ngesitshalo sokubuyisa kubiza phakathi kuka-$50 no-$200 ngethani.
Izinzuzo zabakhiqizi be-nitrogen zifaka phakathi ukuqeda noma okungenani ukunciphisa ukuthembela ezinkontilekeni nasekuhlinzekweni kwe-CO2 ne-nitrogen. Lokhu kusindisa indawo yokugcina njengoba izindawo zokwenza ubhiya zingakhiqiza futhi zigcine okuningi ngangokunokwenzeka, kuqeda isidingo sokugcina nokuthutha amabhodlela e-nitrogen. Njengase-CO2, ukuthunyelwa nokuphathwa kwe-nitrogen kukhokhelwa yikhasimende. Ngama-nitrogenerators, lokhu akuseyona inkinga.
Amajeneretha e-nitrogen avame ukuba lula ukuwahlanganisa endaweni yokukhiqiza utshwala. Amajeneretha e-nitrogen amancane angafakwa odongeni ukuze angathathi indawo phansi futhi asebenze buthule. Lezi zikhwama zisingatha amazinga okushisa ashintshayo kahle futhi zimelana kakhulu nokushintshashintsha kwezinga lokushisa. Zingafakwa ngaphandle, kodwa azinconywa ezindaweni ezishisa kakhulu nezishisayo.
Kunabakhiqizi abaningi bamajeneretha e-nitrogen okubalwa kubo i-Atlas Copco, iParker Hannifin, iSouth-Tek Systems, iMilcarb kanye neHoltec Gas Systems. Ijeneretha encane ye-nitrogen ingabiza cishe amaRandi angu-800 ngenyanga ngaphansi kohlelo lokuqasha lweminyaka emihlanu, kusho u-Asquini.
“Ekupheleni kosuku, uma i-nitrogen ikulungele, unezinhlobonhlobo zabahlinzeki kanye nobuchwepheshe ongakhetha kuzo,” kusho u-Asquini. “Thola ukuthi iyiphi ekufanele futhi uqiniseke ukuthi uyaqonda kahle izindleko eziphelele zobunikazi [izindleko eziphelele zobunikazi] bese uqhathanisa izindleko zamandla nezokulungisa phakathi kwamadivayisi. Uzothola ukuthi ukuthenga okushibhile akulungile emsebenzini wakho.”
Izinhlelo zokuphehla i-nitrogen zisebenzisa i-air compressor, futhi izindawo eziningi zokwenza utshwala sezinayo kakade, okuyinto elula.
Yimaphi ama-air compressor asetshenziswa ezindaweni zokwenza utshwala? Isunduza uketshezi ngamapayipi nasematangini. Amandla okuhambisa nokulawula umoya. Umoya we-wort, imvubelo noma amanzi. i-valve yokulawula. Susa igesi ukuze ukhiphe udaka ematangini ngesikhathi sokuhlanza nokusiza ekuhlanzeni imigodi.
Izicelo eziningi zezindawo zokuphuza utshwala zidinga ukusetshenziswa okukhethekile kwama-air compressor angenawo amafutha angu-100%. Uma uwoyela uthintana nobhiya, uyayibulala imvubelo futhi unciphise igwebu, okonakalisa isiphuzo futhi wenze ubhiya ube mubi.
Futhi kuyingozi yokuphepha. Ngenxa yokuthi imboni yokudla neziphuzo ibucayi kakhulu, kunezindinganiso eziqinile zekhwalithi nobumsulwa ezikhona, futhi kufanele. Isibonelo: Ama-compressor omoya angenawo uwoyela ochungechungeni lwe-Sullair SRL asukela ku-10 kuya ku-15 hp. (kusukela ku-7.5 kuya ku-11 kW) afaneleka kahle ezindaweni zokwenza ubhiya. Izindawo zokwenza ubhiya zijabulela ukuthula kwalezi zinhlobo zemishini. Uchungechunge lwe-SRL lunikeza amazinga omsindo aphansi afinyelela ku-48dBA, okwenza i-compressor ifanele ukusetshenziswa ngaphakathi ngaphandle kwegumbi elihlukile elingangeni msindo.
Uma umoya ohlanzekile ubalulekile, njengasezindaweni zokwenza ubhiya kanye nasezimbonini zokwenza ubhiya, umoya ongenawo uwoyela ubalulekile. Izinhlayiya zikawoyela emoyeni ocindezelwe zingangcolisa izinqubo kanye nokukhiqizwa okungezansi. Njengoba izindawo eziningi zokwenza ubhiya zikhiqiza izinkulungwane zamabhere noma amakesi amaningana kabhiya ngonyaka, akekho ongakwazi ukuthatha leyo ngozi. Ama-compressor angenawo uwoyela afaneleka kakhulu ezisetshenziswa lapho umoya uthintana ngqo nempahla yokudla. Ngisho nasezisetshenziswa lapho kungekho ukuxhumana okuqondile phakathi kwezithako nomoya, njengasemigqeni yokupakisha, i-compressor engenawo uwoyela isiza ukugcina umkhiqizo wokugcina uhlanzekile ukuze kube nokuthula kwengqondo.