Izinga Lobuqotho Bezinsimbi
Okusetshenziswa kakhulu kulezi zinkomba, kodwa umnikelo wayo ekuphathweni unomkhawulo.Lokho okubizwa ngokuthi izinga lokungaguquki libhekisela esilinganisweni sezinto ezisetshenziswayo ezingashintshile enanini lempahla ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa (isilinganiso sezisetshenziswa ezingaguquki=inombolo yesisetshenziswa esingaguquki/inani eliphelele lezisetshenziswa).Izinkomba zamafekthri amaningi zingafinyelela ngaphezu kwama-95%.Isizathu silula kakhulu.Ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa, uma imishini isebenza futhi akukho ukwehluleka, kubhekwa njengesimo esihle, ngakho le nkomba kulula ukuyifinyelela.Kungasho kalula ukuthi asikho isikhala esiningi sokuthuthukiswa, okusho ukuthi akukho lutho olungcono, okusho ukuthi kunzima ukuthuthukisa.Ngenxa yalesi sizathu, izinkampani eziningi zihlongoza ukuguqula incazelo yale nkomba, ngokwesibonelo, iphakamise ukuhlola izikhathi ezintathu ngomhla ka-8, 18, no-28 wenyanga ngayinye, futhi zithathe isilinganiso sezinga eliphelele njengenani eliphelele lale nyanga. .Lokhu kungcono kakhulu kunokuhlola kanye, kodwa kuseyizinga elihle elibonakala kumachashazi.Kamuva, kwahlongozwa ukuba amahora ethebula elingaguquki aqhathaniswe namahora ethebula lekhalenda, futhi amahora ethebula elingaguquki alingana namahora ethebula lekhalenda kukhishwe isamba samahora etafula amaphutha nokulungisa.Le nkomba ingokoqobo kakhulu.Kunjalo, kukhona ukwanda komthwalo wezibalo kanye nobuqiniso bezibalo, kanye nenkulumo-mpikiswano mayelana nokuthi kudonswe imali yini lapho kuhlangatshezwana neziteshi zokuvikela zokuvikela.Ukuthi inkomba yezinga eliphelele ingabonisa ngempumelelo yini isimo sokuphathwa kwezinto zokusebenza kuncike ekutheni isetshenziswa kanjani.
Izinga Lokwehluleka Kwezisetshenziswa
Le nkomba kulula ukudideka, futhi kunezincazelo ezimbili: 1. Uma kuyimvamisa yokwehluleka, isilinganiso senani lokwehluleka ekuqaleni kwangempela kwemishini (imvamisa yokwehluleka = inombolo yokuvalwa kokuhluleka / inani langempela lokuqalwa kwemishini);2. Uma kuyisilinganiso sokuhluleka ukuvala shaqa, Kuyisilinganiso sesikhathi sokuphumula sephutha ekuqaleni kwangempela kwemishini kanye nesikhathi sokuphumula kwephutha (isilinganiso sesikhathi sokuphumula = isikhathi sokuphumula sephutha/( isikhathi sokuqalisa sangempela semishini + isikhathi sokuphumula sephutha)) Ngokusobala, izinga lokuphumula lephutha lingaqhathaniswa Libonisa ngempela isimo semishini.
Izinga Lokutholakala Kwezisetshenziswa
Isetshenziswa kakhulu emazweni asentshonalanga, kodwa ezweni lami, kunomehluko emibili phakathi kwesilinganiso sokusebenzisa isikhathi esihleliwe (isilinganiso sokusetshenziswa kwesikhathi esihleliwe = isikhathi sangempela sokusebenza/isikhathi sokusebenza esihleliwe) kanye nezinga lokusebenzisa isikhathi sekhalenda (isilinganiso sokusetshenziswa kwesikhathi sekhalenda = isikhathi sangempela sokusebenza /isikhathi sekhalenda) ukwakhiwa.Ukutholakala njengoba kuchazwe eNtshonalanga ukusetshenziswa kwesikhathi sekhalenda ngokwencazelo.Ukusetshenziswa kwesikhathi sekhalenda kubonisa ukusetshenziswa okuphelele kwezinto zokusebenza, okusho ukuthi, noma ngabe okokusebenza kusebenza ngokushintshana okukodwa, sibala isikhathi sekhalenda ngokwamahora angama-24.Ngoba kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ifekthri isebenzisa lesi sisetshenziswa noma cha, izosebenzisa izimpahla zebhizinisi ngendlela yokwehla kwenani.Ukusetshenziswa kwesikhathi okuhleliwe kukhombisa ukusetshenziswa okuhleliwe kwezinto zokusebenza.Uma isetshenziswa ngesikhathi esisodwa, isikhathi esihleliwe amahora angu-8.
Isikhathi Esimaphakathi Phakathi Kokuhluleka (MTBF) Kwezisetshenziswa
Okunye ukwakhiwa kubizwa ngokuthi isilinganiso sesikhathi sokusebenza esingenazinkathazo “isilinganiso sesikhawu phakathi kokuhluleka kwemishini = isikhathi esiphelele sokusebenza okungenazinkinga esikhathini esiyisisekelo sezibalo / inani lokwehluleka”.Ihambisana nesilinganiso sesikhathi sokuphumula, sibonisa imvamisa yokwehluleka, okungukuthi, impilo yemishini.Enye yezinkomba ezimbili yanele, futhi asikho isidingo sokusebenzisa izinkomba ezihlobene ukukala okuqukethwe.Esinye isikhombisi esibonisa ukusebenza kahle kwesondlo yisikhathi sokulungisa (MTTR) (isikhathi esimaphakathi sokulungisa = isikhathi esiphelele esichithwe ekulungisweni esikhathini esiyisisekelo sezibalo/inombolo yokugcinwa), okulinganisa ukuthuthukiswa kokusebenza kahle komsebenzi wokulungisa.Ngokuthuthuka kobuchwepheshe bemishini, ubunkimbinkimbi bayo, ubunzima bokunakekelwa, indawo enephutha, ikhwalithi yobuchwepheshe emaphakathi yochwepheshe bokulungisa kanye neminyaka yemishini, kunzima ukuba nevelu eqinisekile yesikhathi sokuyilungisa, kodwa singalinganisa isimo sayo esimaphakathi nenqubekelaphambili ngokusekelwe kulokhu. .
Ukusebenza Kwesisetshenziswa Kukonke (OEE)
Inkomba ebonisa ukusebenza kahle kwemishini ngokuningiliziwe, i-OEE iwumkhiqizo wezinga lesikhathi sokusebenza, izinga lokusebenza nezinga lomkhiqizo ofanelekayo.Njengomuntu nje, izinga lokuvula isikhathi limelela izinga lokufika, izinga lokuvula ukusebenza limelela ukuthi kufanele yini usebenze kanzima ngemva kokuya emsebenzini, kanye nokwenza kahle okufanele, futhi izinga lomkhiqizo ofanelekayo limelela ukusebenza kahle komsebenzi, noma amaphutha avamile wenziwe, nokuthi umsebenzi ungaqedwa yini ngekhwalithi nobuningi.Ifomula ye-OEE elula iyonke ukusebenza kahle kwemishini OEE=umkhiqizo ofanelekayo/umphumela wethiyori wamahora okusebenza ahleliwe.
Ukukhiqiza Okusebenzayo Okuphelele kwe-TEEP
Ifomula ebonisa ukusebenza kahle kwemishini akuyona i-OEE.Ukukhiqiza Okusebenzayo Okuphelele TEEP=umkhiqizo ofanelekayo/umphumela wethiyori wesikhathi sekhalenda, le nkomba ibonisa ububi bokulawulwa kwesistimu yezinto zokusebenza, okuhlanganisa imithelela ekhuphuka nomfula, imithelela yemakethe nokuhleleka, umthamo wezinto zokusebenza ongalingani, ukuhlela okungenangqondo nokuhlela, njll. kuphuma.Le nkomba ngokuvamile iphansi kakhulu, ayibukeki kahle, kodwa ingokoqobo kakhulu.
Ukugcinwa Nokuphathwa Kwezisetshenziswa
Kukhona nezinkomba ezihlobene.Njengesilinganiso esifanelekile sesikhathi esisodwa sekhwalithi yokulungisa, izinga lokulungisa nezinga lezindleko zokulungisa, njll.
1. Izinga lokuphasa ngesikhathi esisodwa sekhwalithi yokulungisa kabusha likalwa ngenani lezikhathi lapho okokusebenza okulungisiwe kuhlangabezana nezinga lokufaneleka komkhiqizo ekusebenzeni kwesilingo esisodwa nenani lokulungisa kabusha.Ukuthi ingabe ifekthri iyayisebenzisa yini le nkomba njengenkomba yokusebenza yethimba elilungisayo ingacwaningwa futhi ixoxwe.
2. Izinga lokulungisa isilinganiso senani eliphelele lokulungiswa ngemva kokulungiswa kwemishini nenani eliphelele lokulungiswa.Lokhu kuwukubonakaliswa kweqiniso kwekhwalithi yesondlo.
3. Kunezincazelo eziningi nama-algorithms esilinganiso sezindleko zokunakekela, enye iyisilinganiso sezindleko zokunakekela zonyaka nenani eliphumayo lonyaka, enye isilinganiso sezindleko zokunakekela zonyaka nenani eliyingqikithi lempahla yonyaka, kanti enye isilinganiso sezindleko zokunakekela zonyaka nempahla ephelele ngonyaka Isilinganiso sezindleko zokushintshwa yisilinganiso sezindleko zokunakekela zonyaka nenani eliphelele lengqikithi yempahla yonyaka, futhi okokugcina isilinganiso sezindleko zokunakekela zonyaka nezindleko zokukhiqiza sezizonke unyaka.Ngicabanga ukuthi i-algorithm yokugcina inokwethenjelwa kakhulu.Noma kunjalo, ubukhulu bezinga lezindleko zesondlo abukwazi ukuchaza inkinga.Ngoba ukugcinwa kwemishini kuwukufaka, okudala inani kanye nokuphumayo.Ukutshalwa kwezimali okunganele kanye nokulahlekelwa kokukhiqiza okuvelele kuzothinta umkhiqizo.Yebo, ukutshalwa kwezimali okuningi akulungile.Kubizwa nge-overmaintenance, okuwukumosha.Okokufaka okufanelekile kuhle.Ngakho-ke, imboni kufanele ihlole futhi ifunde isilinganiso esifanele sokutshala imali.Izindleko zokukhiqiza eziphakeme zisho ama-oda amaningi kanye nemisebenzi eyengeziwe, futhi umthwalo emishinini uyakhula, futhi nesidingo sokunakekelwa siyanda.Ukutshala imali ngesilinganiso esifanele kuwumgomo okufanele ifektri iphokophele ukuwufeza.Uma unalesi sisekelo, uma uchezuka kakhulu kule methrikhi, iba yinhle kancane.
Izingxenye Ezisele Zokuphathwa Kwezisetshenziswa
Kukhona futhi izinkomba eziningi, futhi izinga lokushintshwa kwempahla yezingxenye eziyisipele (izinga lokushintshwa kwempahla yezingxenye eziyisipele = ukusetshenziswa kwanyanga zonke kwezindleko zezingxenye eziyisipele / isilinganiso sanyanga zonke sezimali zokusungula izingxenye eziyisipele) liyinkomba emele kakhulu.Ikhombisa ukuhamba kwezingxenye ezisele.Uma inani elikhulu lezimali zokusungula lisalele emuva, lizobonakala ngenani lemali engenayo.Okunye okukhombisa ukuphathwa kwezingxenye eziyisipele isilinganiso sezimali zezingxenye eziyisipele, okungukuthi, isilinganiso sazo zonke izimali eziyisipele nenani eliyingqikithi lempahla yebhizinisi.Inani laleli nani liyahlukahluka kuye ngokuthi ingabe ifekthri isedolobheni elimaphakathi, noma ngabe okokusebenza kuyangeniswa yini kwamanye amazwe, kanye nomthelela wokuphelelwa yisikhathi kwemishini.Uma ukulahleka kwansuku zonke kwesikhathi sokungasebenzi kwemishini kungaphezu kwamashumi ezigidi zama-yuan, noma ukwehluleka kubangela ukungcoliswa okukhulu kwemvelo nobungozi bokuphepha komuntu siqu, futhi umjikelezo wokunikezwa kwezingxenye eziyisipele umude, uhlu lwezingxenye eziyisipele luzoba phezulu.Uma kungenjalo, izinga lokuxhaswa ngemali kwezingxenye ezisele kufanele libe phezulu ngangokunokwenzeka.nciphisa.Kunenkomba enganakwa abantu, kodwa ibaluleke kakhulu ekuphathweni kwesondlo samanje, okungukuthi, ukuqina kwesikhathi sokuqeqesha (i-maintenance training time intensity = amahora okuqeqeshwa kwesondlo/amahora omuntu okugcina).Ukuqeqeshwa kuhlanganisa ulwazi lochwepheshe lwesakhiwo semishini, ubuchwepheshe bokulungisa, ubungcweti kanye nokuphathwa kokugcinwa kokulungiswa kwemishini njll. Le nkomba ikhombisa ukubaluleka nokushuba kokutshalwa kwezimali kwamabhizinisi ekuthuthukiseni ikhwalithi yabasebenzi abanakekelayo, futhi ibuye ikhombise ngokungaqondile izinga lamakhono obuchwepheshe bokulungisa.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Aug-17-2023